#25 Effect of Andrographis echioides on the larvae of dengue vector

Abstract

Our main aim of the study was conducted to assess the larvicidal activity of Andrographis echiodies against the dengue vector Aedes aegypti larvae. 100 larvae of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes were exposed to each concentration of both ethanolic and methanolic crude extract of Andrographis echiodies in a volume of 100 mL. To minimize the error five replicates were employed with respective diluted alcoholic solutions as control. The percentage mortality of larvae at different concentrations of both alcoholic extracts and control were recorded after 24 h and 48 h of constant exposure followed by LC₅₀ and LC₉₀ determined. The effective and highest coefficient of determination (R²) was calculated using regression analysis. The result showed that LC₅₀ of methanolic extract of Andrographis echiodies at 24 h and 48 h was 290.02 and 224.22 ppm respectively. Similarly, LC₉₀ of methanolic extract of Andrographis echioides at 24 h and 48 h was 522.04 and 402.86 ppm respectively. The effective and highest coefficient of determination (R²) was 0.88 in 24 h of exposure. The ethanolic extract of Andrographis echioides, the LC₅₀ at 24 h and 48 h were 270.27 and 230.41 ppm respectively. Similarly, LC₉₀ of ethanolic extract of Andrographis echiodies at 24 h and 48 h was 485.96 and 414.75 ppm respectively. The effective and highest coefficient of determination (R²) was 0.94 in 24 h of exposure. Usage of synthetic chemical sources maybe results in resistance development and unsafe to nature. Drugs origin from nature, especially plants, and their secondary metabolite is considered eco-friendly, easily available, economical, and biologically safe. Andrographis echiodies exhibited larvicidal activity by enhancing the mortality of larvae while its exposure after 24 h and 48 h. Additionally, isolation of bioactive principles from Andrographis echiodies liable for its promising role in larvicidal potential and its structural elucidation may be necessitated to explore its mode of action.